Semaphorin 3A contributes to sepsis‑induced immunosuppression by impairing CD4+ T cell anergy

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma control of dendritic cell function contributes to development of CD4+ T cell anergy.

There is increasing evidence that dendritic cell (DC) immunogenicity is not only positively regulated by ligands of pattern recognition receptors, but also negatively by signals that prevent DC activation and full functional maturation. Depending on their activation status, DCs can induce either immunity or tolerance. In this study, we provide molecular evidence that the transcription factor pe...

Semaphorin 3A Contributes to Distal Pulmonary Epithelial Cell Differentiation and Lung Morphogenesis

RATIONALE Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) is a neural guidance cue that also mediates cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis, and inhibits branching morphogenesis. Because we have shown that genetic deletion of neuropilin-1, which encodes an obligatory Sema3A co-receptor, influences airspace remodeling in the smoke-exposed adult lung, we sought to determine whether genetic deletion of Sema3A altere...

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Control of Dendritic Cell Function Contributes to Development of CD4 T Cell Anergy

Anergy in Peripheral Memory Cd4+ T Cells Induced by Low Avidity Engagement of T Cell Receptor

Induction of tolerance in self-reactive memory T cells is an important process in the prevention of autoimmune responses against peripheral self-antigens in autoimmune diseases. Although naive T cells can readily be tolerized, memory T cells are less susceptible to tolerance induction. Recently, we demonstrated that low avidity engagement of T cell receptor (TCR) by low densities of agonist pep...

Persistence of Peptide-induced CD4+ T cell Anergy In Vitro

Clonal T cell unresponsiveness, or anergy, has been proposed as a mechanism of peripheral tolerance in vivo, and as a potential means of curbing unwanted T cell responses. In this study, anergy was induced in a T helper cell (Th) clone reactive to hemoglobin (Hb) peptide 64-76 by coculture of the T cells with live antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and 74L, a peptide analog of Hb(64-76) that conta...